Method of separating and recovering domestic refuse.



Jfw. & 0. R. BRYAN,

METHOD OF SEPARATING AND RECOVERING DOMESTIC REFUSE.. APPLICATION FILEDMAR. 21. I9l6.

l,2%,952, Patent ed Oct. 30,1917,

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

J. w.'& n. a. B YAN. METHODOF SEFARATING AND RECOVERING DOMESTIC REFUSE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 21. I916.

Patented Oct. 30,1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

, WTTED %TATE% PATENT @FETQE.

JOSEPH W. BRYAN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., AND DANIEL R, BRYAN, OF CHATHA'M,NEW JERSEY; SAID JOSEPH W. BRYAN ASSIGNOR 'IO SAID DANIEL R. BRYAN.

METHOD OF SEPARATING AND RECOVERING DOMESTIC REFUSE.

Application filed March 21, 1916.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOSEPH W. BRYAN, of the city of New York, county ofNew York, and State of New York, and DANIEL R. BRYAN, of Chatham, countyof Essex, State of New Jersey, citizens of the United States, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of Separatingand Recovering Domestic Refuse; and we do hereby declare the followingto be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such aswill enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make anduse the same.

The present invention relates to a method of separating and recoveringdomestic refuse containing pulverulent and fibrous material and magneticparticles and consists in the combinations of steps and order of procedure hereinafter described and particularly set forth in theaccompanying claims.

The invention has for its purpose to provide a method for recovering thevaluable constituents of domestic refuse and separating the same intodivisions or groups of like material and wherein the several steps arecarried out in one continuous operation.

The apparatus necessary to the carrying out of the present inventionforms the basis of our Patent No. 1,099,420, dated June 9, 1914, and forwhich we have copending in the U. S. Patent Ofiice an application forthe reissue thereof bearing Serial No. 86696, and dated March 25th,1916.

The apparatus employed is disclosedin the accompanying drawingswherein,Figure 1 shows a longitudinal vertical section (with parts in elevation)and Figs. 2, 3, and 4, transverse sections on the lines 2-2, 33, and-1t4 respectively of Fig. 1.

In said drawings A, B, and O, designate a series of rotatable screens,adapted to empty, one into another, and D a chute, preferablyrectangular in cross section, into which the material passes after beingacted upon by the screens.

The screens may be mounted in any suitable manner and suitable means areprovided for rotating them. As here shown, each of the screens isprovided with'a circular rack E, running in grooved rollers F andmeshing with a gear G, connected through bevel ears H to the shaft of anelectric motor The screens are preferably so propor- Specification ofLetters Yatent.

Patented Oct. 30, 1917.

Serial No. 85,729.

tioned that the delivery end of one fits within the receiving end ofanother, as for instance the delivery end of the screen A fits withinthe receiving end of the screen B,

thereby avoiding the formation of an ob-' speed of rotation; thereforeit may be rotated at the fastest speed, and the succeeding screens atsuccessively lesser speeds.

A casing J is preferably arranged around the hoppers to confine theclouds of dust and fine particles produced by the screening operation.The dust is preferably removed from the casing and for this purposesuitable means may be provided. As here shown, an electrically drivenfan 0 is provided, whichproduces a current of air in. a conduit 7),which acts by inspiratiomthrough orifices g, r and s, over each of thescreens and branch conduits t and u, to draw the dustladen air from thecasing J into the conduit 79 and carry it away, as to a bin orreceptacle U hereinafter referred to.

The screens A, B and C and the chute D are preferably mounted upon aframe K arranged at a suitable incline so that the material may movethrough the apparatus under the influence of gravity. The frame K isfurthermore preferably mounted at one end upon a pivoted bearing L andsupported at its other end upon lifting means, such as a jack M, bywhich the inclination of the parts may be adjusted to the frictional resistance of the material operated on, which may vary from variouscauses, as for instance the humidity of the air and the proportions andnature of its ingredients.

A hopperN is preferably provided, into which the material to be sortedis dumped, and which delivers the same to the series of screens. 7Material passing from the hopper into the screen A is agitated and thescreen being provided with small perforations, is

partially sifted andhas such particles as ashes and other fine particlesremoved therefrom. From the screen A the material passes to the screenBwhere it is again tated and further sifted. The screen B is providedwith larger perforations than the screen A, and such parts of thematerial as small cinder-s may be removed. 'From the screen B thematerial may pass to another 0 screen C where i undergoes furtheragitation and sifting. The screen G having larger perforations than thescreen B operates to remote the larger particles from the mass. From thescreen C the material passes into the chute l), and a swinging door Padapted to be held in adjusted positions by means of a rack and dogmaybe provided for reguls-iting the passage of the material through thechute. V

;.20 The sifted material which is separated by the sereral screens, jalls into a series of funnels R, S, and T, arranged beneath the screens,and is delivered into separate bins or compartments, U, l and V], whereit 525 may be collected. ilsthe material passes into. the chute D it ispreferably first acted upon by a yacuum which draws the oversizedmaterial through the outlet opening of the screen. This vacuum maybe,and preferably is, produced by the inspiration of a current of air, setin motion in a conduit Y, by an electrically driven fan Z, flowing pastan orifice o in the upper part of the chute D (Fig. 8). The eifcct ofthis vacuum is to sue]; up light particles such as paper and rags anddeliver them into a compartment or bin 5 into which the conduit Yempties and leave the residue of material as a substantially thinlayeror stratum, whereby it is con T40 ditioned to have the metallicparticles exposed, for removal.

l rom the point where it is acted upon by the acuum the 'inaterialpasses to point where it is acted upon by an electromagneticseparator-,gthe action of which is to separateunetallic particles suchasiron and the liltefrom the mass. As shown (see Fig. 4} theelectromagnetic separator c preferably comprises-aseries ofelectromagnets (Z 4 59 in front of which moves a belt 6, preferably ofnon-magnetic material, such as ordinary canvas belt. Pieces of ironattractedby the electro-magnets will be carried to one side by the belte througlran opening f in the title of the chute D and dropped into aconduit-g after; being nc ed beyond the zone of influence oftheniagnets. Fromthe conduit gthe metallicparticles are delivered intoa; bin; or receptacle h.

:60 After passing;the electro-magnetic sepagratorsuch parts ofthe massasren ain, and ieonsisting inainl-y of bottles and particles cf-;glass,will be deliyered through; a 26011- cluitz' at the endofthe chute D,into bin 311 7 1 e a-recs tests I Wh r th y ollected and furtherseparation may be made if desired. 'Each of the bins or receptacles U,V, ll", 5, h and 7c, is preferably provided with door through .whi'chthe contents may be removed.

at is a door in the chute D through which access mav be had to theinterior thereof.

1* cans are prorided for antiseptically trea ting the entireniass ofrefuse as it leaves the hopper. This means may comprise l: adaptcd tocontain a suitable disinfectant z, a pipe 3 adaptedto spray thedisinfectant over the refuse as it enters the first screen. A pipe .2 isalso preferably provided through which compressed fill gg from asuitable source, may be admitted to the tank to force the disinfectantout through the pipe y over thematerial to be sprayed.

ll hile we have illustrated and described,

the metallic-particles exposed for removal, I; and then collecsubstantially 1 all of the masretiable particles from the stratum bymagi t at lhe method cfseparat ng and recore lo traction. 2.

which consists. or primarily separating by gravity the undersizedparticles thereof, tlien subjecting theoversized material to oneumaticacton to break up and spread out stratum, then collectin substantiallyall of the magnetizable particles from the stratum by magneticattraction, and finally collecting the residue of material.

3. 'lhe method of separating and'recoveringthe. ingredients of domesticrefuse,

which consists in. initiallyremoving and grading the undersizedparticles thereof,

then subjecting the .oversized materialto;

pneumatic action to break up-andspread out the andremove the lighterparticles and ;.leave the residue 7 as a distributed stratum,- and thencollecting substantially all the magnetizable particles-from-thezstratumbymagne ic attraction: 1

4. The method of separatingandrecovering'theingredients of domesticretuse,.-trlneh consists in initially removing and grading undersizedparticles imul the mass and remove the lighter particles and leaf-1c theresidue as a distr buted taneous agitation and pneumatic action, thensubjecting the oversized material to pneumatic action to break up andspread out the mass and remove the lighter particles and leave theresidue as a distributed stratum, and then collecting substantially allthe magnetizable particles from the stratum by magnetic attraction.

5. The method of separating and recovering the ingredients of domesticrefuse, which consists of preliminarily sizing the material, thendirecting the oversized material onto an extended supporting andtransporting surface, then subjecting the material to a fluid current tobreak up and spread out the mass and remove the lighter particles, andleave the residue in a distributed condition on the support, and thencollecting substantially all of the magnetizable particles from theresidue by magnetic attraction.

6. The method of separating and recovering the ingredients of domesticrefuse, which consists of preliminarily sizing the material, thendirecting the oversized material onto an extended supporting andtransporting surface, then subjecting the material to a fluid current tobreak up and spread out the mass and remove the lighter particles andleave the residue as a distributed stratum on the support, thencollecting substantially all the magnetizable particles from the stratumby magnetic attraction, and finally collecting the residue of material.

7. The method of separating and recovering the ingredients of domesticrefuse, which consists in preliminarily sizing the material, thendirecting the oversized material onto a supporting surface, thensubjecting the material to a fluid current to act on the moving materiallongitudinally of its line of movement to break up and spread out themass and remove the lighter particles and leave the residue as adistributed stratum on the support, and then collecting substantiallyall of the magnetizable particles from the stratum by magneticattraction.

8. The method of separating and recovering the ingredients of domesticrefuse, which consists of initially removing and grading the undersizedparticles thereof, then directing the oversized material onto aninclined supporting surface, then subjecting the material to a fluidcurrent to break up and spread out the mass and leave the residue as adistributed stratum on the support, then collecting substantially allthe magnetizable particles from the stratum by magnetic attraction andfinally collecting the residue of material.

9. The method of separating and recovering the ingredients of domesticrefuse, which consists in primarily separating by gravity and pneumaticaction both the light fine particles and the heavy fine particles fromthe mass, then directing the oversized material onto a supportingsurface, then subjecting the material to a fluid current to break up andspread out the mass and remove the lighter particles and leave theresidue as a distributed stratum on the support, then collectingsubstantially all of the magnetizable particles from the stratum bymagnetic attraction, and finally collecting the residue of the material.

10. The method of separating and recovering the ingredients of domesticrefuse, which consists in preliminarily sizing the material bysimultaneous agitation and pneumatic action, then subjecting theoversized material to a fluid current for simultaneously drawing theoversized material away from the preliminary sizing means and for actingon the mass to break up and spread out the same, and remove the lighterparticles and leave the residue as a distributed stratum, and finallycollecting substantially all the magnetizable particles from the stratumby magnetic attraction.

11. The method of separating and recovering the ingredients of domesticrefuse, which consists in preliminarily sizing the material bysimultaneous agitation and pneumatic action, then directing theoversized material JOSEPH W. BRYAN. DANIEL R. BRYAN.

Witnesses:

OSCAR CARLBERG, GERTRUDE H. Wooos.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G.

